Since 1975, Christine De Mol has held several research positions with the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS) that she left in 1998 as a Honorary Research Director to become a full-time Professor at ULB. She has also held several visiting positions (Universities of London, Rome, Montpellier, Paris-Sud, Genoa).

Her research interests in applied mathematics include inverse problems, sparsity-enforcing regularization theory, wavelets and applications, learning theory, analysis and forecasting of time series, portfolio theory.